{"id":358,"date":"2022-02-23T11:30:56","date_gmt":"2022-02-23T03:30:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ft9scr4y-20210904.admin.cygzs.net\/?p=358"},"modified":"2022-02-23T11:30:58","modified_gmt":"2022-02-23T03:30:58","slug":"centos%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cygzs.net\/?p=358","title":{"rendered":"Centos\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/td>\u529f\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e<\/strong><\/td>\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
man<\/td>\u67e5\u770b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e2e\u52a9<\/td>man Is<\/td><\/tr>
help<\/td>\u67fb\u770b Linux\u5185\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9<\/td>help cd<\/td><\/tr>
ls<\/td>\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>ls<\/td><\/tr>
cd<\/td>\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u5207\u6362\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>cd \/root\/home<\/td><\/tr>
cp<\/td>\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u4e3a\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>cp file1 \/root\/home\/file2<\/td><\/tr>
find<\/td>\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>find \/home -name”*.txt”<\/td><\/tr>
mkdir<\/td>\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>mkdir workdir<\/td><\/tr>
mv<\/td>\u662f\u79fb\u52a8\u6216\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>mv file1 \/root\/home<\/td><\/tr>
pwd<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/td>pwd<\/td><\/tr>
rename<\/td>\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>rename main1.c main. c main1. c<\/td><\/tr>
rm<\/td>\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>rm -rf main1.c<\/td><\/tr>
rmdir<\/td>\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>rmdir \/root\/main<\/td><\/tr>
touch<\/td>\u6539\u53d8\u5df2\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u5c5e\u6027<\/td>touch ext.log<\/td><\/tr>
tree<\/td>\u4ee5\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>tree<\/td><\/tr>
basename<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u540d<\/td>basename file.log<\/td><\/tr>
dirname<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84<\/td>dirname \/root\/home<\/td><\/tr>
chattr<\/td>\u6539\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5c5e\u6027<\/td>chattr +i \/etc\/fstab<\/td><\/tr>
lsattr<\/td>\u67fb\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\u5c5e\u6027<\/td>Isattr -E rmt0<\/td><\/tr>
file<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>file install.log<\/td><\/tr>
md5sum<\/td>\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u6821\u9a8c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684MD5\u503c<\/td>md5sum insert.sql<\/td><\/tr>
cat<\/td>\u8fde\u63a5\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u4e14\u6253\u5370\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u8f93\u51fa\u6216\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d<\/td>cat install.log<\/td><\/tr>
tac<\/td>\u53cd\u5411\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>tac install.log<\/td><\/tr>
more<\/td>\u5206\u9875\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>more -d file.log<\/td><\/tr>
less<\/td>\u5206\u9875\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9,more\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u76f8\u53cd\u7528\u6cd5<\/td>less -n file.log<\/td><\/tr>
head<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5934\u90e8<\/td>head file.log<\/td><\/tr>
tail<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8<\/td>tail -f file.log<\/td><\/tr>
cut<\/td>\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u6309\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u5206\u5272\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>cut -f1 -d”;” file.log<\/td><\/tr>
split<\/td>\u5206\u5272\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c0f\u7247\u6bb5<\/td>split -b 10k file.log<\/td><\/tr>
paste<\/td>\u6309\u884c\u5408\u5e76\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>paste file1.log file2.log<\/td><\/tr>
sort<\/td>\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u6309ASC\u7801\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u6392\u5e8f<\/td>sort file.log<\/td><\/tr>
uniq<\/td>\u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u884c<\/td>uniq -c file.log<\/td><\/tr>
wc<\/td>\u7edf\u8ba1\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u884c\u6570\u3001\u5355\u8bcd\u6570\u6216\u5b57\u8282\u6570<\/td>wc -c file.log<\/td><\/tr>
iconv<\/td>\u8f6c\u6362\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f<\/td>iconv source.log -f EUC-JP-MST -t UTF-8 -o dest.log<\/td><\/tr>
dos2unix<\/td>\u5c06DOS\u683c\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u8f6c\u6362\u6210UNX\u683c\u5f0f<\/td>dos2unix file<\/td><\/tr>
diff<\/td>\u6bd4\u8f83\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5dee\u5f02,\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>diff file1.log file2.log<\/td><\/tr>
vimdiff<\/td>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u6587\u4ef6\u6bd4\u8f83\u5408\u5e76\u5de5\u5177,\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>vimdiff file1 file2<\/td><\/tr>
rev<\/td>\u53cd\u5411\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>rev file.log<\/td><\/tr>
grep\/egrep<\/td>\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/td>grep ‘123’ file.log<\/td><\/tr>
join<\/td>\u6309\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u5b57\u6bb5\u5408\u5e76,\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u62fc\u63a5<\/td>join file1.log file2.log<\/td><\/tr>
tr<\/td>\u5bf9\u6765\u81ea\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u5220\u9664<\/td>echo “HELLO WORLD” |tr ‘A-Z’ ‘a-z’<\/td><\/tr>
vi\/vim<\/td>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/td>vi file.log<\/td><\/tr>
tar<\/td>\u6253\u5305\u538b\u7f29<\/td>tar -zcf log.tar.gz log2.log#\u538b\u7f29 tar -zxf \/tmp\/log.tar.gz #\u89e3\u538b\u7f29<\/td><\/tr>
unzip<\/td>\u89e3\u538b\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>unzip test.zip<\/td><\/tr>
gzip<\/td>gzip\u538b\u7f29\u5de5\u5177<\/td>gzip -rv test6 #\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u76ee\u5f55 gzip -dr test6 #\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u89e3\u538b\u76ee\u5f55<\/td><\/tr>
zip<\/td>\u538b\u7f29\u5de5\u5177<\/td>zip -r html.zip*<\/td><\/tr>
uname<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>uname<\/td><\/tr>
hostname<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u6216\u8005\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/td>hostname<\/td><\/tr>
dmesg<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u5f00\u673a\u4fe1\u606f,\u7528\u4e8e\u8bca\u65ad\u7cfb\u7edf\u6545\u969c<\/td>dmesg<\/td><\/tr>
uptime<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u53ca\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/td>uptime<\/td><\/tr>
stat<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u72b6\u6001<\/td>stat myfile<\/td><\/tr>
du<\/td>\u8ba1\u7b97\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/td>du<\/td><\/tr>
df<\/td>\u62a5\u544a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/td>df<\/td><\/tr>
top<\/td>\u5b9e\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/td>top<\/td><\/tr>
free<\/td>\u67fb\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58<\/td>free<\/td><\/tr>
date<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u4e0e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4<\/td>date -s ‘2020-08-03 15:00:01’<\/td><\/tr>
cal<\/td>\u67fb\u770b\u65e5\u5386\u7b49\u65f6\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>cal<\/td><\/tr>
which<\/td>\u6309\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cfPATH\u8def\u5f84\u67e5\u627e\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>which java<\/td><\/tr>
whereis<\/td>\u6309\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cfPATH\u8def\u5f84\u67e5\u627e\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>whereis java<\/td><\/tr>
locate<\/td>\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55,\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u627e\u547d\u4ee4, \u4f7f\u7528 updatedb\u66f4\u65b0\u5e93<\/td>locate \/etc\/sh<\/td><\/tr>
useradd<\/td>\u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237<\/td>useradd -g root myuser<\/td><\/tr>
usermod<\/td>\u4fee\u6539\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5c5e\u6027<\/td>usermod -d \/home\/hnlinux root #\u66f4\u6539\u767b\u5f55\u76ee\u5f55<\/td><\/tr>
userdel<\/td>\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237<\/td>userdel myuser<\/td><\/tr>
groupadd<\/td>\u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/td>groupadd mytest<\/td><\/tr>
passwd<\/td>\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801<\/td>passwd myuser<\/td><\/tr>
chage<\/td>\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6709\u6548\u671f\u9650<\/td>chage -E ‘2020-09-30’ myuser<\/td><\/tr>
id<\/td>\u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u7684uid,gid\u53ca\u5f52\u5c5e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/td>id<\/td><\/tr>
su<\/td>\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd<\/td>su root<\/td><\/tr>
visudo<\/td>\u7f16\u8f91\/etc\/sudoers\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e13\u5c5e\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>visudo<\/td><\/tr>
sudo<\/td>\u4ee5\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd(\u9ed8\u8ba4root\u7528\u6237) \u6267\u884c\u4e8b\u5148\u5728 sudoers\u6587\u4ef6\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>sudo touch test<\/td><\/tr>
telnet<\/td>\u4f7f\u7528TELNET\u534f\u8bae\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55<\/td>telnet localhost<\/td><\/tr>
ssh<\/td>\u4f7f\u7528SSH\u52a0\u5bc6\u534f\u8bae\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55<\/td>ssh localhost<\/td><\/tr>
scp<\/td>\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>scp -r root@localhost:\/var\/www\/blog .<\/td><\/tr>
wget<\/td>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>wget<\/td><\/tr>
ping<\/td>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8fde\u901a\u6027<\/td>ping localhost<\/td><\/tr>
route<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6einux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8868<\/td>route add -host IP1 gw IP2#\u6240\u6709\u53bb\u5f80IP1\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u53d1\u5f80\u7f51\u5173\u5730\u5740IP2<\/td><\/tr>
ifconfig<\/td>\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u542f\u7528\u6216\u7981\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>ifconfig etho IP\u5730\u5740#\u7ed9etho\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6eIP\u5730\u5740<\/td><\/tr>
ifup<\/td>\u542f\u52a8\u7f51\u5361<\/td>ifup eth0<\/td><\/tr>
ifdown<\/td>\u5173\u95ed\u7f51\u5361<\/td>ifdown eth0<\/td><\/tr>
netstat<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5,\u8def\u7531\u8868,\u63a5\u53e3\u72b6\u6001,\u4f2a\u88c5\u8fde\u63a5,\u7f51\u7edc\u94fe\u8def\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u7ec4\u64ad\u6210\u5458\u7ec4<\/td>netstat -a | more<\/td><\/tr>
nmap<\/td>\u7f51\u7edc\u626b\u63cf\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>nmap -PS localhost<\/td><\/tr>
lsof<\/td>\u5217\u4e3e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>lsof<\/td><\/tr>
mail<\/td>\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u90ae\u4ef6<\/td>mail -s ‘test title’ -c\u90af\u7bb1\u5730\u5740 < mail.txt #\u5c06mail.txt\u53d1\u7ed9\u3010\u90ae\u7bb1\u5730\u5740\u3011<\/td><\/tr>
nslookup<\/td>\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u67fb\u8be2\u4e92\u8054\u7f51DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>nslookup localhost<\/td><\/tr>
dig<\/td>\u67fb\u627eDNS\u89e3\u6790\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/td>dig localhost<\/td><\/tr>
traceroute<\/td>\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u8def\u7531\u72b6\u51b5<\/td>traceroute localhost #\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/td><\/tr>
tcpdump<\/td>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u6293\u5305\u5de5\u5177<\/td>tcpdump -I eth1 #\u76d1\u89c6\u6307\u5b9a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305<\/td><\/tr>
mount<\/td>\u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>mount -l #\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td><\/tr>
umount<\/td>\u5378\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>umount \/dev\/sdb1<\/td><\/tr>
fsck<\/td>\u68c0\u67fb\u5e76\u4fee\u590d Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>fsck -t ext3 \/dev\/sdal<\/td><\/tr>
dd<\/td>\u8f6c\u6362\u6216\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>dd if=\/dev\/hdx of=\/dev\/hdy<\/td><\/tr>
dumpe2fs<\/td>\u5bfc\u51faex2\/ext3\/ext4\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>sudo dumpe2fs \/dev\/sda8<\/td><\/tr>
dump<\/td>ext2\/3\/4\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5907\u4efd\u5de5\u5177<\/td>dump -O -u – f \/dev\/hda3 \/home\/pyegrp\/<\/td><\/tr>
fdisk<\/td>\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u547d\u4ee4,\u9002\u7528\u4e8e2TB\u4ee5\u4e0b\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a<\/td>fdisk -l<\/td><\/tr>
parted<\/td>\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u547d\u4ee4,\u6ca1\u6709\u78c1\u76d8\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236,\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e2TB\u4ee5\u4e0b\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a<\/td>parted \/dev\/sdb<\/td><\/tr>
mkfs<\/td>\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u521b\u5efa Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>mkfs -t ext4 \/dev\/sda6<\/td><\/tr>
partprobe<\/td>\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u540e,\u66f4\u65b0\u5185\u6838\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u8868\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>partprobe<\/td><\/tr>
e2fsck<\/td>\u68c0\u67fbext2\/ext3\/ext4\u7c7b\u578b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>e2fsck -a -y \/dev\/sda1 #\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u95ee\u9898,\u5982\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u4fbf\u81ea\u52a8\u4fee\u590d<\/td><\/tr>
mkswap<\/td>\u521b\u5efa Linux\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a<\/td>mkswap \/extra-swap 1024<\/td><\/tr>
swapon<\/td>\u542f\u7528\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a<\/td>swapon \/swapfile1<\/td><\/tr>
swapoff<\/td>\u5173\u95ed\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a<\/td>swapoff \/swapfile1<\/td><\/tr>
sync<\/td>\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5185\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u78c1\u76d8<\/td>sync<\/td><\/tr>
resize2fs<\/td>\u8c03\u6574ext2\/ext3\/ext4\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5927\u5c0f<\/td>resize2fs \/dev\/sda<\/td><\/tr>
chmod<\/td>\u6539\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u6743\u9650<\/td>chmod 777 nginx.conf #\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u8bfb,\u5199,\u6267\u884c<\/td><\/tr>
chown<\/td>\u653b\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5c5e\u4e3b\u548c\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/td>chown test:test nginx.conf #\u5c06nginx.conf\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u6539\u4e3atest,test<\/td><\/tr>
chgrp<\/td>\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/td>chgrp test phpinfo.php #\u6539\u53d8\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/td><\/tr>
umask<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u6216\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801<\/td>umask #\u67fb\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u9884\u8bbe\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr>
whoami<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u79f0,\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6267\u884cid -un\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>whoami #\u6253\u5370\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u751f\u6548\u7684\u7528\u6237ID\u5173\u8054\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d<\/td><\/tr>
who<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>who<\/td><\/tr>
w<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u5df2\u7ecf\u767b\u9646\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868,\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u7528\u6237\u6b63\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4<\/td>w<\/td><\/tr>
last<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u767b\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7528\u6237<\/td>last -6 #6\u6761\u767b\u5f55\u8bb0\u5f55<\/td><\/tr>
lastlog<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u6b21\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>lastlog<\/td><\/tr>
users<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868<\/td>users<\/td><\/tr>
finger<\/td>\u67fb\u627e\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>finger munin #\u67e5\u770b munin\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr>
echo<\/td>\u6253\u5370\u53d8\u91cf,\u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u51fa\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/td>echo ‘1234’<\/td><\/tr>
printf<\/td>\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>printf ‘%x’ 16<\/td><\/tr>
rpm<\/td>\u7ba1\u7406rpm\u5305\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>rpm -i<\/td><\/tr>
yum<\/td>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7b80\u5355\u5316\u5730\u7ba1\u7406rpm\u5305\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>yum install php53<\/td><\/tr>
watch<\/td>\u5468\u671f\u6027\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4,\u5e76\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4ee5\u5168\u5c4f\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u793a<\/td>watch -n 10 netstat -tpnl #\u6bcf10\u79d2\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e0b,\u5df2\u8fde\u63a5\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5<\/td><\/tr>
alias<\/td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u522b\u540d<\/td>alias ty=ls #\u4e3als\u8bbe\u7f6e\u522b\u540d<\/td><\/tr>
unalias<\/td>\u53d6\u6d88\u7cfb\u7edf\u522b\u540d<\/td>unalias ty #\u5220\u9664ty\u522b\u540d<\/td><\/tr>
clear<\/td>\u6e05\u9664\u5c4f\u5e55,\u7b80\u79f0\u6e05\u5c4f<\/td>clear<\/td><\/tr>
history<\/td>\u67fb\u770b\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u7eaa\u5f55<\/td>history<\/td><\/tr>
eject<\/td>\u5f39\u51fa\u5149\u9a71<\/td>eject #\u5f39\u51fa\u5149\u9a71<\/td><\/tr>
time<\/td>\u8ba1\u7b97\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4<\/td>time ls -al #\u67fb\u770b\u6267\u884cls -al\u6240\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u95f4<\/td><\/tr>
nc<\/td>\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177<\/td>nc -v -w 2 localhost -z 21-24<\/td><\/tr>
xargs<\/td>\u5c06\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570<\/td>ls |grep .php |xargs -i mv {} {}.bak #\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0bphp\u6587\u4ef6,\u6539\u540d\u5b57<\/td><\/tr>
exec<\/td>\u8c03\u7528\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/td> exec sudo su #\u83b7\u53d6root\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr>
export<\/td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6216\u8005\u663e\u793a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/td>export PATH=$PATH:\/usr\/local\/bin #\u5c06\/usr\/local\/bin\u52a0\u5165\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d<\/td><\/tr>
unset<\/td>\u5220\u9664\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u51fd\u6570<\/td>unset aaa #\u5220\u9664\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/td><\/tr>
type<\/td>\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5426\u662f\u5185\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>type -at ls<\/td><\/tr>
bc<\/td>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668<\/td>bc<\/td><\/tr>
chkconfig<\/td>\u7ba1\u7406 Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u9879<\/td>chkconfig \u2013list #\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5217\u8868<\/td><\/tr>
vmstat<\/td>\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7edf\u8ba1<\/td>vmstat 2 #\u6bcf\u4e8c\u79d2\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u6b21\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr>
mpstat<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u5404\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528CPU\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7edf\u8ba1<\/td>mpstat -P ALL 2 #\u67e5\u770b\u591a\u6838CPU\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u51b5\u4fe1\u606f,\u6bcf2\u79d2\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21<\/td><\/tr>
iostat<\/td>\u7edf\u8ba1\u7cfb\u7edfIO<\/td>iostat -d -k 10 #\u67e5\u770bTPS\u548c\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr>
sar<\/td>\u5168\u9762\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684CPU\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u961f\u5217\u3001\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u3001\u5206\u9875(\u4ea4\u6362\u533a)\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001CPU\u4e2d\u65ad\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u7b49\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636eIDCS<\/td>sar -u -o test 10 3<\/td><\/tr>
ipcs<\/td>\u7528\u4e8e\u62a5\u544a Linux\u4e2d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u72b6\u6001,\u663e\u793a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5305\u62ec\u6d88\u606f\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>ipcs -a<\/td><\/tr>
ipcrm<\/td>\u7528\u6765\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u96c6\u6216\u8005\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6807\u8bc6<\/td>ipcrm -m 262144 #\u901a\u8fc7id\u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/td><\/tr>
strace<\/td>\u7528\u4e8e\u8bca\u65ad\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5 Linux\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5668\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u5185\u6838\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92,\u6bd4\u5982\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u9012\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u66f4\u7b49<\/td>strace -o output.txt -T -tt -e trace=all -p 28979 #\u8ddf\u8e2a28979\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/td><\/tr>
ltrace<\/td>\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528,\u5b83\u4f1a\u663e\u73b0\u51fa\u54ea\u4e2a\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u8c03\u7528<\/td> ltrace -S .\/a.out #\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/td><\/tr>
shutdown<\/td>\u5173\u673a<\/td>shutdown -h now #\u5173\u673a<\/td><\/tr>
halt<\/td>\u5173\u673a<\/td>halt<\/td><\/tr>
poweroff<\/td>\u5173\u95ed\u7535\u6e90<\/td>poweroff<\/td><\/tr>
logout<\/td>\u9000\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7684Shell<\/td>logout<\/td><\/tr>
exit<\/td>\u9000\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7684Shell<\/td>exit<\/td><\/tr>
Ctrl+d<\/td>\u9000\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7684 Shell\u7684\u5feb\u6377\u952e<\/td>Ctrl+d<\/td><\/tr>
bg<\/td>\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u6682\u505c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4,\u53d8\u6210\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c(\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u6267\u884c)<\/td>bg 1<\/td><\/tr>
fg<\/td>\u5c06\u540e\u53f0\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u8c03\u81f3\u524d\u53f0\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c<\/td>fg 1<\/td><\/tr>
jobs<\/td>\u67fb\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>jobs<\/td><\/tr>
kill<\/td>\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>kill 1086<\/td><\/tr>
killall<\/td>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>killall sudo<\/td><\/tr>
pkill<\/td>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>pkill -u tank #\u6740\u6b7b\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td><\/tr>
crontab<\/td>\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>crontab -l #\u67fb\u770b\u5b9a\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/td><\/tr>
ps<\/td>\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5feb\u7167<\/td>ps -aux |grep java<\/td><\/tr>
pstree<\/td>\u6811\u5f62\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>pstree #\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709<\/td><\/tr>
nice\/renice<\/td>\u8c03\u6574\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/td>nice -n 19 vim & #\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e3a19<\/td><\/tr>
nonup<\/td>\u5ffd\u7565\u6302\u8d77\u4fe1\u53f7\u8fd0\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>nohup php.sh test & #\u9000\u51fa\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884csh\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr>
pgrep<\/td>\u67e5\u627e\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>pgrep -l -u root #\u663e\u793arot\u76f8\u5173\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/td><\/tr>
runlevel<\/td>\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b<\/td>runlevel<\/td><\/tr>
init<\/td>\u5207\u6362\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b<\/td>init 6 #\u91cd\u542f\uff0c init 0 #\u5173\u673a<\/td><\/tr>
service<\/td>\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1, \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001<\/td>service nginx start<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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